Company ratios, growth and ownership

Where the numbers come from

Listed companies file annual and quarterly results with NSE, in a standard electronic format (XBRL). ScripLens reads the figures from those filings. Indian companies report on a financial year from April to March, so FY2026 covers April 2025 to March 2026. The stock page's Financials table can be switched between annual and quarterly.

Ratios use the latest annual results loaded into ScripLens. A newer filing may not be reflected yet, and a figure can lag the company's own website. A blank or "—" means the figure is not available or not meaningful. It never means zero.

Some companies file standalone results (the company alone) and others consolidated results (the company plus its subsidiaries). The two can differ a lot. Where only one is available, a ratio may mix the two.

Valuation: P/E, P/B, dividend yield

P/E (price to earnings) compares the company's market value with its latest annual profit. ScripLens calculates it this way:

A P/E is only comparable within similar businesses and similar times. Fast-growing and slow-growing companies can have very different P/E figures for reasons that have nothing to do with a bargain. A single year's profit can also be unusually high or low.

P/B (price to book) compares market value with shareholders' equity, the accounting value of the company to its owners:

Dividend yield is the cash paid through dividends over the last 12 months, as a share of today's price. It is trailing (looking back), not a promise about future payments:

Dividends are restated for later bonus issues and splits, so every amount is on the same share basis as today's price. Without that step, an old per-share amount from before a bonus issue would look too large.

Profitability: ROE, ROCE, margin, EPS

ROE (return on equity) uses the average of this year's and last year's shareholders' equity, which smooths a year in which equity changed a lot:

ROCE (return on capital employed) adds the company's borrowings to its equity, and measures profit before tax and interest against that total. ScripLens uses this simplified version:

Net margin is the share of each rupee of revenue that is left as profit after all costs and tax:

EPS (earnings per share) is the profit attributable to each share, as reported in the company's filing, in rupees. It is shown in the Financials table. A higher EPS is not automatically better: it depends on how many shares there are, and that can change through bonus issues and splits.

Growth

One year of growth can reflect a one-off gain or a weak base. A company that loses money one year and earns a little the next can show very large growth. Look at several years in the Financials table before drawing a conclusion.

Balance sheet: debt-to-equity

Borrowing is not automatically a problem, and some industries carry debt as a normal part of the business. A ratio is a snapshot of one balance sheet, so check how it has changed.

The Financials table shows the building blocks: revenue (sales), operating profit (profit from the core business before interest and tax), net profit (the bottom line after everything), EPS, total assets (everything the company owns), equity (what is left for shareholders), debt (borrowings) and cash from operations (cash the business generated, which can differ from profit because of timing and accounting).

For banks and other lenders, debt is the raw material of the business, so debt-to-equity and ROCE do not carry the same meaning as they do for a manufacturer. Treat ratios for financial companies with extra care.

Ownership and shareholding

• Promoter holding: the share held by the founding or controlling group, including the promoter group.
• FII and DII: holdings by foreign and domestic institutions, where the filing splits them out.
• MF: mutual funds. They are part of DII, not an additional slice.
• Other public: public holding minus FII and DII.
• Pledged shares: promoter shares used as collateral for loans. ScripLens stores this figure but does not display it yet.

The one-year change in promoter holding is measured in percentage points. Going from 50.0% to 48.5% is a change of −1.5 points, not a 1.5% change. Changes in ownership describe what happened. They do not say what will happen next.

Chips on the stock page

The chips under the stock name use fixed thresholds: price within 3% of the 52-week high or more than 40% below it; price above or below its 200-day average; 50-day average above or below the 200-day average; RSI above 70 or below 30; debt-to-equity below 0.05 or above 2; ROE above 20%; the Piotroski F-score; profit growth above 25%; a net loss in the latest year; and a P/E above 80.

A chip describes the figure on that day. Most chips are gold, a neutral colour. Only changes in direction are green or red (profit up more than 25%, a net loss), the same as price changes elsewhere; neither says the company is doing well or badly. Look at the figure itself, and at the explanation for it, before drawing any conclusion.

Reading the numbers together

• Compare the same company over several years before comparing it with others.
• Compare companies in the same sector. A bank's debt-to-equity and a software company's cannot be read the same way.
• Check whether a figure is standalone or consolidated, and whether it is annual or quarterly.
• Remember that a percentile places a figure among others. It does not say the figure is good or bad. See percentiles.
• Other sites may define the same name differently. ScripLens explains its own definitions on this page, so check them if you compare sites.